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The most-cited musculoskeletal study is Staresinic et al

NAD is necessary for: Cellular energy production DNA repair Metabolic function Longevity and cellular vitality As we age, natural NAD levels decline , which can contribute to fatigue, slower metabolism, and reduced cellular repair

Not conflicting advice, but evidence-based approaches that explain the reasoning behind each decision

These limitations do not invalidate preclinical findings but emphasize the need for human clinical trials with appropriate sample sizes, standardized protocols, and validated outcome measures before establishing clinical efficacy in human patients